Ibinyabuzima byangiza ibidukikije byo kurengera ibidukikije

Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ubukungu no kuzamura imibereho y'abaturage, isabwa ry'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike ryiyongera umunsi ku munsi, kandi “umwanda wera” uzanwa na plastiki uragenda urushaho gukomera.Kubwibyo, ubushakashatsi niterambere rya plastiki nshya yangirika bihinduka inzira yingenzi yo gukemura ibibazo by ibidukikije.Amashanyarazi ya polymer arashobora kwangirika mubihe byinshi, kandi kwangirika kwubushyuhe bibaho bitewe nubushyuhe.Kwangirika kwa mashini bibaho bitewe nimbaraga zumukanishi, kwangirika kwa okiside munsi ya ogisijeni, no kwangirika kwa biohimiki hifashishijwe imiti yimiti.Plastike yangirika bivuga plastike yangirika byoroshye mubidukikije karemano wongeyeho umubare munini winyongera (nka krahisi, ibinyamisogwe byahinduwe cyangwa selile, fotosensiseri, biodegraders, nibindi) mugikorwa cyo gukora.

Ukurikije uburyo bwabo bwo kwangirika, plastiki ishobora kwangirika ishobora kugabanywamo plastike ishobora kwangirika, plastiki y’ibinyabuzima, plastiki ifotora kandi ishobora kwangirika.
Iyo iminyururu ya molekuline ya plastiki ishobora gufotorwa isenywa nuburyo bwa fotokome, plastike itakaza imbaraga zumubiri hamwe nibisohoka, hanyuma ikanyura muri kamere

Kwangirika kwurubibi bihinduka ifu, yinjira mu butaka ikongera ikinjira mu binyabuzima byakozwe na mikorobe.
Ibinyabuzima byangiza ibinyabuzima bishobora kugabanywamo ibice bya plastiki bishobora kwangirika na plastiki ibora bitewe nuburyo bwo kwangirika nuburyo bwo kurimbura.Kugeza ubu, plastike ya krahisi na plastike ya polyester nibyo byizwe cyane kandi bikoreshwa.

Plastike ya krahisi irashimishije cyane kubera ibikoresho byoroshye byo gutunganya nigiciro gito.Synthetic macromolecule biodegradable plastike bivuga plastiki ya biodegradable plastique ikoreshwa muburyo bwa chimique.Irashobora guhuzwa mukwiga imiterere isa niy'imiterere karemano ya polymer biodegradable plastike cyangwa plastike ifite amatsinda yimikorere yangirika.

Ibinyabuzima byangiza ibinyabuzima, bizwi kandi nka plastiki zishobora gusenyuka, ni uburyo bukomatanyije bwa polymers biodegradable na plastiki rusange, nka krahisi na polyolefine.Byahujwe hamwe muburyo runaka, kandi kwangirika kw ibidukikije karemano ntabwo byuzuye, kandi bishobora gutera umwanda wa kabiri.Muri biodegradable polymers, kongeramo fotosensiseri birashobora gutuma polymers zifotora kandi zikabora.

Photobiodegradable ibikoresho bya polymer mubihe bimwe na bimwe birashobora gutuma igipimo cyo kwangirika kigenzurwa neza, nka krahisi yongewemo fotodegradable polymer ibikoresho PE nyuma yo kwangirika, bigatuma PE ibabaza, ubuso bwihariye bwiyongereye cyane, hamwe na ogisijeni, urumuri, amahirwe yo guhura n’amazi byiyongereye cyane, igipimo cyo kwangirika kwa PE yiyongereye cyane.

Ugereranije na plastiki ishobora gufotorwa, plastiki ibora ibinyabuzima byahindutse ingingo ishyushye mugutezimbere ibinyabuzima byangiza.Kuberako plastiki ibinyabuzima idashobora kwangirika ntabwo ikaze cyane kubidukikije, kandi biroroshye gutesha agaciro molekile nto mugihe gikwiye.Ifite ibyiza byubwiza buto, gutunganya byoroshye, imbaraga nyinshi nigiciro gito.Ibinyabuzima byangiza plastike bifite intera nini ya porogaramu.Muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zikoreshwa cyane mugukora imifuka yimyanda ibora, imifuka yo guhaha;Mu Burayi bw’iburengerazuba, plastiki y’ibinyabuzima ikoreshwa mu macupa ya shampoo, imifuka y’imyanda hamwe n’imifuka imwe yo guhaha.Ibinyabuzima byangiza plastike bikoreshwa cyane mubice bikurikira:

(1) Gupakira ibikoresho

(2) Ibihingwa byubuhinzi

(3) Ibikenerwa buri munsi

(4) Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga

(5) Amagufwa yubukorikori, uruhu rwubukorikori, kubaga amagufwa yo kubaga, suture yo kubaga

(6) Imyenda y'imyenda

(7) Gucunga umucanga wumuhondo nigishushanyo mbonera cyumujyi.

Iyo plastiki ibinyabuzima ikoreshwa mubikoresho bya bioengineering hamwe nubuvuzi bwa polymer bwangirika, ibiranga ibinyabuzima ntibishobora kugereranywa nibya plastiki ifotora.Ibintu byangirika bya molekuline bishobora kwinjirira mu buryo butaziguye ibinyabuzima, kandi bikagira amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa mu muco w’imitsi, imiti irekura igenzurwa, hamwe n’ibikoresho byatewe imbere.